PERSISTENCE OF VISION

Persistence of vision is the commonly used term to describe the optical illusion whereby multiple discrete images blend into a single image in the human mind and believed to be the explanation for motion perception in cinema and animated films. (WIKIPEDIA)

Persistence of vision is still the accepted term for this phenomenon in the realm of cinema history and theory. 

A frame rate of less than 16 frames per second (frame/s) caused the mind to see flashing images. Audiences still interpret motion at rates as low as ten frames per second or slower (as in a flipbook), 

Modern  film runs at 24 frames a second.

We are going to work on Flipbooks in order to get motion out of still images.

Let´s try one using this site.

Once we have done a digital one, we´ll start working on paper.

GOOGLE DOODLES: LOTTE REINIGER

Lotte Reininger

Lotte Reininger created visually stunning and fantastical films using black cardboard, scissors, and boundless imagination. Pre-dating Walt Disney by nearly a decade, Reiniger pioneered a style of animation that relied on thousands of photos of paper cut-out silhouettes arranged to tell a story. It was a painstaking process that involved moving paper characters ever so slightly and snapping a photo of each movement. She created many films over the years, including The Adventures of Prince Achmed, the oldest surviving feature length animation.

Nearly a century later, Reiniger continues to inspire animators and artists. On what would have been her 117th birthday, we celebrate Reiniger’s limitless creativity and pioneering spirit. 

Nowadays silhouettes are still used by many artists such as this hungarian shadow theatre group called Attraction. They create pictures with shadows of their bodies.